语用学术语,Terms in Pragmatics

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Adapted from

http://www.pragmaticschina.com/Article_Show.asp?ArticleID=7 

Last updated by Shaozhong Liu, Wednesday, 2005-06-22

 

  • 比喻metaphor
  • 表达类expressives
  • 表述句constatives
  • 不可分离性non-detachability
  • 不可取消性non-cancellability
  • 不确定性indeterminacy
  • 承诺类commissives
  • 代码模式code model
  • 等级含意scalar implicatures
  • 地点指示space deixis
  • 调节性规则regulative rules
  • 动态语用学dynamic pragmatics
  • 断言类assertives
  • 对方修正other-repair
  • 二元关系dyadic relation
  • 发展语用学developmental pragmatics
  • 反讽/反语irony
  • 方式准则manner maxim
  • 非规约性non-conventionality
  • 讽刺sarcasm
  • 符号sign
  • 符号关系学syntactics
  • 符号学semiotics
  • 负面礼貌策略negative politeness strategy
  • 负面面子negative face
  • 负向转移negative transfer
  • 概念意义conceptual meaning
  • 功能语言学functional linguistics
  • 共知common knowledge
  • 构成性规则constitutive rules
  • 关联/关联性relevance
  • 关联理论relevance theory
  • 关系准则relevant maxim
  • 规定语法prescriptive grammar
  • 规约含意conventional implicature
  • 规约性conventionality
  • 规则rule
  • 含混ambivalence
  • 含意implicature
  • 合适条件felicity condition
  • 后指用法cataphoric use
  • 互补性complementarity
  • 互动语用学interactive pragmatics
  • 互明mutual manifestness
  • 互知mutual knowledge
  • 互指co-referential
  • 话轮turn-taking
  • 话语utterance
  • 话语分析discourse analysis
  • 话语意义utterance meaning
  • 话语指示discourse deixis
  • 缓叙meiosis
  • 会话分析conversation analysis
  • 会话含意conversational implicature
  • 会话结构conversational structure
  • 会话修正conversational repair
  • 会话原则conversational principle
  • 或然性probability
  • 记号symbol
  • 间接言语行为indirect speech act
  • 交际目的communicative goal/purpose
  • 交际能力communicative competence
  • 交际意图communicative intention
  • 交际用意communicative force
  • 交际原则communicative principle
  • 近指proximal terms
  • 经济原则principle of economy
  • 旧信息old information
  • 句法学syntax
  • 句子意义sentence meaning
  • 可接收性acceptability
  • 可取消性cancellability
  • 可推导性calculability
  • 可行性feasibility
  • 客观环境physical situation
  • 夸张hyperbole
  • 跨文化语用学cross-cultural pragmatics
  • 离格deviance
  • 礼貌politeness
  • 礼貌策略politeness strategy
  • 礼貌原则politeness principle
  • 连贯coherence
  • 两可性ambiguity
  • 量准则quantity maxim
  • 临床语用学clinical pragmatics
  • 笼统性generality
  • 论言有所为How to do things with words
  • 逻辑语义学logical semantics
  • 蒙塔古语法Montague grammar
  • 面子face
  • 明示-推理过程ostensive&8209;inferential process
  • 明说explicature
  • 命题行为propositional act
  • 模糊限制语hedges
  • 模糊性fuzziness
  • 内嵌施为句embedded performatives
  • 恰当性appropriateness
  • 前提presupposition
  • 前提触发语presupposition triggers
  • 前指用法anaphoric use
  • 人称指示person deixis
  • 人类文化方法论ethnomethodology
  • 认知效果cognitive effect
  • 认知语用学cognitive pragmatics
  • 认知语用学cognitive pragmatics
  • 认知原则cognitive principle
  • 弱陈meiosis
  • 三元关系triadic relation
  • 社会语用学societal pragmatics
  • 社交语用学social pragmatics
  • 社交-语用学socio-pragmatics
  • 社交指示social deixis
  • 施为动词performative verb
  • 施为假设performative hypothesis
  • 施为句performatives
  • 施为用意illocutionary force
  • 时间指示time deixis
  • 实用主义pragmatism
  • 顺应理论adaptation theory
  • 说话人意义speaker meaning
  • 随意言谈loose talk
  • 特殊含意particularized conversational implicature
  • 同义反复句tautology
  • 投射规则projection rule
  • 推理努力processing effort
  • 威胁面子的行为face threatening acts
  • 委婉语understatement
  • 未知信息unknown information
  • 衔接机制cohesive device
  • 显性施为句explicit performatives
  • 新格赖斯会话含意理论neo-Gricean theory of conversational implicature
  • 新格赖斯语用学neo-Gricean pragmatics
  • 新信息new information
  • 信息意图informative intention
  • 信息照应information bridging
  • 形式语用学formal pragmatics
  • 修辞学rhetoric
  • 宣告类declarations
  • 选择限制selectional restriction
  • 言语交际verbal communication
  • 言语情景speech situation
  • 言语行为speech act
  • 言语行为理论speech act theory
  • 一般会话含意generalized conversational implicature
  • 已知信息known information
  • 以言成事perlocutionary act
  • 以言行事illocutionary act
  • 以言行事目的/施为目的illocutionary goal
  • 以言指事locutionary act
  • 意思 sense
  • 意图intention
  • 意向性intentionality
  • 隐含结论implicated conclusion
  • 隐含前提implicated premise
  • 隐性施为句implicit performatives
  • 隐喻metaphor
  • 语法性grammaticality
  • 语际语interlanguage
  • 语际语用学interlanguage pragmatics
  • 语境暗含contextual implication
  • 语境化contextualization
  • 语境假设contextual assumptions
  • 语境效果contextual effect
  • 语境意义contextual meaning
  • 语境因素contextual factor
  • 语句sentence
  • 语句意义sentence meaning
  • 语言学转向linguistic turn
  • 语言语境linguistic context
  • 语言语用学linguistic pragmatics
  • 语义前提semantic presupposition
  • 语义学semantics
  • 语用代码pragmatic code
  • 语用含糊pragmatic vagueness
  • 语用含意pragmatic force
  • 语用类属pragmatic category
  • 语用能力pragmatic competence
  • 语用歧义pragmatic ambiguity
  • 语用迁移pragmatic transfer
  • 语用前提pragmatic presupposition
  • 语用推理pragmatic inference
  • 语用行为pragmatic act
  • 语用学pragmatics
  • 语用移情pragmatic empathy
  • 语用语言学pragmalinguistics
  • 语用原则pragmatic principle
  • 寓意言谈metaphorical talk
  • 元交际行为metacommunicative behaviour
  • 元指用法meta-phoric use
  • 原意或刻意言谈literal talk
  • 原则principle
  • 远指distal terms
  • 约略性approximation
  • 蕴涵entailment
  • 哲学语用学philosophical pragmatics
  • 正面礼貌positive politeness
  • 正面面子positive face
  • 正向转移positive transfer
  • 指称 reference
  • 指令类directives
  • 指示词语deictic expressions
  • 指示语deixis, indexicals
  • 质准则quality maxim
  • 中介语/语际语 interlanguage
  • 主题topic
  • 字面用意literal force
  • 自我修正self-repair <>
    (语用学术语对照表1;对照表2)
A                                         

adaptor (8/1)

adjunct (2/2.2)

ambiguity (10/1)

applied pragmatics (2/3.3)

appropriateness (1/2, 11/1.2)

approximation (10/7.4)

approximator (8/1)

assertion (6/1.2)

assertives (7/4.1)

attribution shield (8/2)

 

C

calculability (4/4.3)

cancellability (4/4.1)

clause (6/2.3)

cognitive pragmatics (1/7)

comment (6/1.3)

common ground (6/4.2)

commissives (7/4.3)

common knowledge (1/1)

communicative competence (2/1.3)

competence (2/1.2)

context (11/1)

contrastive pragmatics (1/4.3)

conversational implicature (4)

conversational maxims (4/2.2)

conventional indirect speech act (7/5.1)

cooperative principle (4/2.1)

cost and benefit scale (5/4)

cross-cultural pragmatic (1/4)

cultural difference (12)

cultural load (12/1)

 

D

declaratives (7/4.5)

defeasible (6/3.1)

definite description (6/2.1)

deictic center (3/3)

deictic projection (3/3)

deixis (3)

descriptive/conventional meaning (4/1.1)

descriptive pragmatics (2/3.2)

directives (7/4.2)

discourse deixis (3/2.4)

 

E

end focus (9/2)

entailment (6/1.1)

essential conditions (7/3.1)

explicit performatives (7/1.2)

expressives (7/4.4)

 

F

face theory (5/2)

face-threatening act (5/2)

felicity (6/4.1)

formal pragmatics (2/3.1)

fuzziness (10/1)

fuzzy continuum (10/3.1)

 

G

generalized implicature (4/3.1)

given information (9/1)

 

H

hedging (8)

 

I

illocution (7/2.1)

illocutionary act (7/3)

implicit performatives (7/1.2)

indeterminacy (4/4.5, 10/1)

indirect speech act theory (7/5)

indirectness scale (5/4)

information focus (9/2)

information structure (9)

intention (4/1.2)

interlanguage (1/4.5,11/3.2)

interlanguage pragmatics (1/5)

iterative (6/2.2)

 

L

langue (2/1.1)

linguistic politeness (5)

literal talk (10/6)

locution (7/2.1)

loose talk ( 10/6)

 

M

macropragmatics (1/3.3)

meaning (4/1, 1/1)

meaning of communication (1/1)

meaning of information (1/1)

micropragmatics (1/3.2)

mutual knowledge (6/4.2)

 

N

negative face (5/2)

new information (9/1)

nomenclative evaluation (10/3.3)

non-conventional indirect speech act (7/5.2)

non-conventionality (4/4.4)

non-detachability (4/4.2)

non-natural meaning (4/1.2)

non-performative verb (7/1.1)

 

O

optionality scale (5/4)

 

P

parole (2/1.1)

particularized implicature (4/3.2)

performance (2/1.2)

performatives (7)

performative verb (7/1.1)

perlocution (7/2.1)

person deixis (3/2.1)

phrase (6/2.3)

place deixis (3/2.2)

plausibility shield (8/2)

politeness (5)

politeness principle (5/3)

positive face (5/2)

pragmatics (1,2)

pragmatic competence (2/1.3)

pragmatic vagueness (10)

pragmalinguistics (12/2.1)

preparatory conditions (7/3.3)

presupposition (6)

presupposition-trigger (6/2)

probability (10/1)

propositional content conditions (7/3.2)

prototypicalness (8/1)

psychological/pragmatic meaning (4/1.1)

projection (6/3.2)

 

R

ranking (5/6)

relative status (5/6)

relevance theory (Appendix 1)

referential theory (4/1)

rounder (8/1)

 

S

semantics (2/2.1)

sentence meaning (4/1.2)

shield (8/2)

sincerity conditions (7/3.4)

social deixis (3/2.5)

social distance (5/6)

social-distance scale (5/4)

sociopragmatics (12/2.2)

societal pragmatics (1/6)

speech act (7/2)

 

T

temporal deixis (3/2.3)

textual deixis (3/2.4)

time deixis (3/2.3)

topic (6/1.3)

translation (12)

 

U

utterance meaning (4.1.2)


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